Depending upon the presence or absence of oxygen, there are two types of respiration– Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration: When the oxidation of food (glucose) takes place in the presence of oxygen, it is called Aerobic respiration. In this process, glucose is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water.
Aerobic respiration takes place mostly in higher animals and plants. In this respiration 38 ATP molecules are released from oxidation of one glucose molecule.
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide+ Water+ Energy (38 ATP)
Anaerobic respiration: When the oxidation of food (glucose) takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is called Anaerobic respiration. In this glucose is not completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water. Rather, it is oxidized to produce ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
Anaerobic respiration takes place in some lower organisms such as some bacteria. Only 2 ATP molecules are released from oxidation of one glucose molecule.
Glucose (in absence of oxygen) → Carbon dioxide+ Ethyl alcohol+ Energy (2 ATP)
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